News Archive March 2023

“As the global energy transition accelerates, transparent emissions reporting is becoming an essential part of the expectations that all players in the shipping industry have to meet,” said Arnstein Eknes, DNV Segment Director for Special Ships.

Energy security is top priority

Resolving the energy trilemma – delivering secure, clean, and affordable energy – is viewed by the energy industry as a long-term goal, according to Trilemma and Transition.

Statkraft and Elkem sign long-term power contract

Elkem is already well-positioned with long-term power contracts in Norway, having secured more than 80 per cent of its electricity supply in the country at competitive rates.

Repsol buys three ABO Wind wind farms

The projects comprise three wind farms totalling 150 MW, and two solar projects with a capacity of 100 megawatts.

Princess Elisabeth Island will be built by the Belgian consortium TM EDISON, consisting of Jan De Nul and DEME. It will be a connection hub with the British and Danish electricity network to generate 300 GW of offshore electricity by 2050 in Europe.

Vestas sells converters and controls business to KK Wind Solutions

Around 600 of Vestas’ workers will join KK.

Spain has a coastline of almost 5,000 kilometres, but the country hasn't yet installed any offshore wind farms. This could now change, as the Spanish government has given the go-ahead for the development of offshore wind farms by approving the maritime spatial plans (POEM).

Statkraft achieved record revenues and results in both the fourth quarter and the full year 2022, driven by high prices, stable operations, successful energy management and excellent market operations.

Ørsted starts largest ever apprenticeship recruitment campaign in the UK

This year, the renewable energy giant launches its biggest recruitment yet for their East Coast sites.

RWE closes acquisition of Con Edison Clean Energy Businesses

The newly created company is called RWE Clean Energy.

The Deepsea Star™ is a column-stabilised, semi-submersible steel design with centre WTG tower, designed to take the weights and loads from the 15MW WTGs which will become available for floating wind from 2025 and onwards.

Vattenfall study brings insights into the flight behaviour of seabird species

The findings form part of a €3million research investment by Vattenfall to learn more about offshore wind and the environment.

As well as developing students’ and researchers’ skills in the growing renewable energy sector, the partnership will allow Flotation Energy to incorporate cutting-edge research into their processes, design and training.

RenewableUK criticises Government's planning reform for English onshore wind

RenewablesUK is "highly concerned that the Government is not doing enough to remove the barriers preventing onshore wind from being rapidly deployed."

AkzoNobel publishes 2022 annual report

AkzoNobel has published its digital Report 2022, which gives details of the company’s ongoing transformation during a challenging year of persistent worldwide uncertainty.

Qualitas Energy acquires two German wind projects

Qualitas Energy has acquired two wind projects in the country with a total capacity of 80 MW.

GE Renewable Energy announced today that it has been selected by Inikti as the supplier for the Otada wind farm in Lithuania, located near Sakiai city in the south west of the country.

Ingeteam inaugurates new O&M centre in Brazil

The facility will be responsible for the operation and maintenance of solar and wind farms in Brazil and on the American continent.

Study: trend of U.S. decarbonization is hard-wired

Despite a tumultuous year of 2022, the U.S. economy is now firmly on the clean energy transition path to drive down emissions and create economic opportunities, a new study says.

BRAUN Windturbinen sells Antaris small wind turbine to Bavaria

The turbine was installed on a wooden mast.

RES acquires IM Future strenghtening global O&M services

RES, has acquired IM FutuRe – a Spanish O&M provider and with it, contracts to provide 1.5GW of O&M services for 1400 wind turbines in Spain and Portugal.

Schaeffler acquires ECO-Adapt SAS

ECO-Adapt SAS offers innovative solutions for condition monitoring based on electrical signal analysis and systems for the optimization of energy consumption.

Prysmian Group has been awarded contracts worth approximately €1.8 billion in aggregate by the Dutch transmission system operator TenneT for the two grid connection projects IJmuiden Ver Alpha and Nederwiek 1.

API offers Radian Plus and vProbe/iScan3D bundles at special pricing

Both bundles include API's Radian Plus Laser Tracker, which is known for its high accuracy and longrange measurement capabilities.

To harness the power of wind, industry leaders welcome innovation from smaller and specialist partners to enable faster, safer turbine installations and service. Nord-Lock Group, C1 Connections BV and Heerema Marine Contractors collaborate to breakthrough.

GOWA is a new global organisation that brings together governments, the private sector, international organisations, and other stakeholders to accelerate the deployment of offshore wind power.

DNV, the independent energy expert and assurance provider, has completed a series of reports for the State of Maine’s Governor’s Energy Office for the Maine Offshore Wind Initiative.

Alison Wilson, Director of Advancement and Alumni Engagement at the University of the Highlands and Islands, said: “This is a greatly welcome commitment from one of the most important renewable energy companies in the world."

Energy CEOs urge EU to commit to wind energy investments

The planned Net Zero Industry Act and changes to Europe’s Electricity Market Design must get all the details right, said energy CEOs.

Denmark resumes planning for two offshore wind farms

After the Danish Energy Agency recently halted all approval procedures for offshore wind farms, processing for two offshore wind farms will now resume.

Japanese company acquires share in UK offshore wind farm

INPEX has acquired a 16.7 percent stake in the Moray East Offshore Wind Farm.

Edda Wind orders four new CSOVs for offshore wind works

Edda Wind has ordered four commissioning service operation vessels (CSOV) newbuilds.

WindESCo commissions wake steering installation in Utah

The commissioning of Swarm at Milford marks the wind industry’s first full-scale implementation of commercial wake steering and collective control technology.

Supporting R&D plans focused on the implementation of innovative technologies, contributing to strengthening digitalisation processes, while cutting emissions to facilitate the energy transition: these are the aims of the new €120 million loan granted by CDP to Prysmian Group.

Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners has entered into a framework agreement with Indian developer Viviid Renewables to develop more than 1.8GW of renewable energy projects in India with a primary focus on onshore wind projects.

The pace of renewable energy project deployment needs to move much faster to reach the 2050 net-zero target, according to the Energy Industries Council (EIC), the world’s leading energy trade association.

Schaeffler Group posts solid earnings for 2022

The Schaeffler Group’s revenue for the reporting period amounted to 15.8 billion euros. At constant currency, revenue was up 9.4 percent, exceeding the guidance.

German TSO 50Hertz posts record amount of renewables in its grid area

In the 50Hertz grid area, the share of renewables in the annual consumption of electricity rose to a new high of 65% in 2022.

Petrobras and Equinor signed a letter of intent that expands the cooperation between the two companies to assess seven offshore wind power generation projects in Brazil.

RES awarded two new asset managements contracts by Octopus Energy Generation

RES will provide technical, commercial and financial asset management for each site.

Qualitas Energy to repower two German wind farms

Qualitas Energy has won the auction for two wind projects in Germany.

James Fisher Renewables and TÜV SÜD will be providing engineering consultancy and project management services to Foxwell on the Taiwan Power Company Offshore Wind Farm Phase II (TPC Offshore Phase 2) in Changhua.

ABO Wind's Matthias Bockholt leaves Managing Board

Matthias Bockholt has decided not to renew his Managing Board contract, which expires at the end of July 2023. He is aiming for a position on the company’s Supervisory Board.

Schaeffler: annual Sustainability Report published

Sustainability is an integral part of the company strategy and one of the four corporate values of the Schaeffler Group.

Statkraft and CMC Poland sign second PPA

In this second and third PPA with Statkraft, CMC Poland secures a long-term price for renewable electricity produced in the period 2025-2034.

Seabirds avoid offshore wind turbine blades

A new report shows that seabirds off the UK coast are better at avoiding wind turbine blades than previously thought.

X1 Wind's floating prototype delivers first power

The world’s only floating wind platform currently installed with a TLP mooring system, installed near the Canary Islands, successfully produced its first kWh.

GE Vernova, the company’s portfolio of energy businesses, is planned for a tax-free investment grade spin-off from GE sometime in early 2024. The portfolio includes Renewable Energy, Power, Digital and Energy Financial Services.

Next week, the EU Commission will present its response to the multi-billion US subsidy program for green technologies, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). Europe's program is called 'Net Zero Industry Act'. First details have emerged now.

Vestas loses Chair of Board

Bert Nordberg, current Chair of the Board of Vestas Wind Systems A/S, will not stand for re-election, the company has announced yesterday.

Report: demand for ocean space will grow 5-fold by 2050

It's getting crowded on the global oceans, DNV predicts.

New York to profit from offshore wind energy

Developer Attentive Energy One proposes over $25 billion in benefits to New York, including a new wind turbine manufacturing facility by GE.

Initial findings from a supply chain study by RWE and Marine Power Systems are helping identify where Wales and the region can benefit from forthcoming Celtic Sea floating wind technology boom.

Prysmian's results above all expectations

The strong sales growth was accompanied by the jump of over 50% in net profit and cash generation and debt reduction.

RWE orders Siemens Gamesa's RecyclableBlades for its Sofia offshore wind project

The technology will be installed on 44 of Sofia’s 100 SG 14-222 DD offshore wind turbines.

Initial goals for the collaboration include enabling new levels of wind turbine safety through enhanced real-time monitoring of vibration, tilt, and other information that can be used to inform safer windmill operation and design.

DNV to issue certificates for offshore wind projects in Poland

The Polish Ministry of Infrastructure awarded DNV the task to issue certificates for offshore wind farms and assembly of power output equipment in Poland.

“Inviting more shareholders into Mer alongside Statkraft will enable the company to accelerate the expansion of its EV charging network across Northern Europe to take an even bigger role in the global shift to carbon-free transport,” says Jürgen Tzschoppe, Executive Vice President for New Energy Solutions in Statkraft.

Wind Energy Ireland has warned that the Government’s new offshore wind policy will undermine efforts to achieve the targets set for offshore wind energy in the Climate Action Plan.

Inland and Coastal Marina Systems (ICMS) has installed a heavy duty pontoon system in Eyemouth Harbour as part of the new O&M base for the Neart na Gaoith Offshore Wind Farm in Scotland.

Australia's clean energy investments fall short of reaching climate targets

"Australia needs to do more," says Clean Energy Council Chief Executive Kane Thornton.

ACEN and BrightNight want to develop, construct and operate large-scale hybrid wind-solar and round-the-clock renewable power projects in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Erebus will be Wales’ first floating wind farm and is located 40km off the Pembrokeshire coastline. Welsh Ministers have now granted a Section 36 consent with deemed planning permission to Blue Gem Wind to build and operate the Erebus wind farm.

EOLOS and Windpal to start offshore wind resource and metocean data measurements in Japan

Both companies have agreed to work together in the Japanese offshore wind market.

Full Circle announces acquisition of French Net-Wind

O&M specialist Full Circle has acquired French Net-Wind as part of its European multi-brand growth strategy.

Industrial turning point strenghtens ABO Wind

ABO Wind’s net profit reaches new heights thanks to the energy crisis and a stronger focus on renewable energy production globally.

The consortium behind Ossian floating offshore wind farm has awarded the contract for geotechnical investigations to two contractors: Fugro and Ocean Infinity.

Deutsche Windtechnik signs first service contracts for Enercon wind turbines in France

The agreements cover full maintenance for a total of 22 Enercon E70 turbines including large components.

A coalition of renewable energy companies signed an agreement with the Dutch Government on International Responsible Business Conduct (RBC) Agreement for the Renewable Energy Sector. Participating companies have committed to improving the sustainability of their value chains.

The American Clean Power Association, National Association Manufacturers and American Petroleum Institute today sent a letter to United States Trade Representative Katherine Tai calling for continued action to hold Mexico accountable for its discriminatory energy policies by using every tool available under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA).

Despite war: Ukraine builds wind farm

Despite Russia's ongoing war against Ukraine, DTEK Group reports the completion of the first phase of the Tyligulska wind farm with a capacity of 114 MW.

Von Roll posts positive business figures for 2022

Despite challenging macroeconomic conditions, Swiss company Von Roll is in good shape, just in time for its 200th anniversary.

RenewableUK has published new statistics showing that during the winter period, low carbon power sources generated over 60% of Britain’s total electricity generation.

EU Commission proposes reform of EU electricity market design

The proposed reform foresees revisions to several pieces of EU legislation – notably the Electricity Regulation, the Electricity Directive, and the REMIT Regulation.

Not in my - very far extended - backyard!

The Estonian Supreme Court ruled that an offshore wind farm 11 kilometres away from a councilor's home does not infringe his rights.

If the global community still wants to prevent the climate catastrophe, the focus of the measures should not be on the industrialized nations alone - even though they are responsible for a large part of the emissions and the resulting climate change. The focus should also be on emerging economies and countries of the global south, because there is still huge untapped potential there.

Vattenfall supports tests for sustainable food production in offshore wind farms

Vattenfall has made Scandinavia’s largest offshore wind farm, Danish Kriegers Flak, available for the project.

DNV and KEPCO to develop zero-carbon offshore wind power for South Korea

Both parties want to support the development of a long-term offshore power grid plan to deliver renewable offshore wind power to South Korea.

The U.S. Department of Energy has announced the availability of $750 million for research, development, and demonstration efforts to dramatically reduce the cost of clean hydrogen.

Arcosa plans to invest $55 to $60 million to purchase property, modify the existing plant, and procure necessary equipment for the new facility, supported by attractive incentives from the state of New Mexico and the city of Belen.

On 15 March 2023, the Danish Energy Agency issues permit to the Danish TSO, Energinet, regarding initiation of preliminary site investigations for future offshore wind farms in the Nordsøen I-area in the North Sea.

Marshall Futureworx, the venture building and advanced technologies arm of Marshall of Cambridge, has unveiled details of the first in a suite of new product lines and services it will be bringing to market to support ever increasing demand for secure and renewable energy.

The REA (Association for Renewable Energy and Clean Technology) has responded to Chancellor Jeremy Hunt’s Spring “budget for growth”, saying that the statement marks a missed opportunity to unlock green growth in the UK, as we see an increasingly competitive international investment environment.

“In this report, we show the progress we have made towards becoming a net-zero emissions energy business by 2050, as we continue to supply the vital energy the world needs during a time of great volatility," said Wael Sawan, Shell's Chief Executive Officer.

"Energy storage is on a rapid growth curve and is already a key component of building a resilient grid that supports abundant clean energy,” said John Hensley, American Clean Power Association (ACP) Vice President of Research & Analytics.

A new report says up to 11 ports around the UK will need to be transformed as fast as possible into new industrial hubs to enable the roll-out of floating offshore wind at scale.

WindEurope: "evolution, not radical changes"

WindEurope comments on the EU Commission's proposal of the revision of the European electricity market design

European Green Deal Industrial Plan is not enough

WindEurope urges the European Commission for more work to be put into Europe's plan for agreen future.

Research cooperation started to increase bio diversity in connection with offshore wind power

OX2 has initiated a cooperation on a research station in the north of Åland, Finland.

Ireland powered by wind energy

Irish wind farms provided 42 per cent of the country’s electricity in February, Wind Energy Ireland said.

ACP comments on anti-offshore wind disinformation campaign

The disinformation campaign regarding whale deaths on the East Coast has been launched by long-time opponents to offshore wind and irresponsible news outlets.

No love for Government's plans in the UK

RenewableUK warns that the UK risks missing out on investments in renewable energy projects under the latest Government plans.

Apex and Cargill sign offtake agreement for U.S. wind farm

Apex Clean Energy has announced a renewable energy offtake agreement with Cargill for 50 MW from Goose Creek Wind, located in Illinois.

EDF Renewables North America wins three wind projects in Canadian tender

EDF Renewables won three of the seven wind project awards representing nearly 50% of the total wind capacity awarded.

RWE wants to broaden its UK supply chain

RWE has unveiled an innovative approach to supplier engagement, as it looks to expand investment opportunities in renewable energy to a wider pool of UK businesses.

Jan De Nul starts working on two German offshore wind farms

Jan De Nul has started the T&I contract for the construction of Ørsted’s 242 MW Gode Wind 3 and 900 MW Borkum Riffgrund 3 offshore wind farm in Germany.

Mainstream and Actis sell African developer Lekela Power

Lekela Power is the largest renewable energy Independent Power Producer in Africa with over 1 GW of fully operational wind assets.

RenewableUK's latest analysis shows that the current budget is likely to secure less than half of the 5 gigawatts of offshore wind capacity eligible for this year’s auction in the UK.

With the country’s drive to increase the use of renewable energy, there are concerns that a green energy skills gap of around 200,000 workers is emerging that must be addressed if the UK is to deliver on long term energy security and meet its energy transition targets.

Thistle Wind Partners announces names for two Scottish Offshore Wind Farms

Both projects in Scottish waters are currently in the consenting phase with bird and mammal surveys already underway.

The Danish Energy Agency has resumed its review of four more offshore wind projects under the Open Door programme after the country put all projects on hold in early February.

Shell publishes Energy Security Scenarios

How can the world evolve following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine?

The Grease App wants to determine the ideal lubricant type, lubricant quantity, grease service life, and relubrication intervals required for initial lubrication and relubrication of the rolling bearings.

Ørsted selects Havram for installation work at Hornsea 3

The offshore wind farm Hornsea 3 will consist of up to 231 offshore wind turbines, located within a 696 square kilometer area, approximately 120 km off the Norfolk coast.

Ilmatar Energy buys two more Finnish wind farms

Ilmatar has finalized the purchase of two Finnish onshore wind farm from German company Alterric.

News of the Day: What happened to Vietnam's trending wind market?

Two years ago, Vietnam was one of the hottest trend markets for investors in the wind energy sector. But since then, not much has happened.

Making wind turbines more sustainable

In a study, the Universitat Politècnica de València and Chalmers University of Technology team applied a new structural design to a real example of wind turbine foundations in Sweden.

The resilience of renewable energies was already evident during the Corona pandemic. Now the war in Ukraine reinforces the importance of a rapid energy transition. And the latest IPCC report once again makes it clear that investments in renewables are not only crisis-proof but also without alternative.

JERA will bring highly complementary capabilities and financial support to help the Company blossom, in a world where offshore wind will continue to play an instrumental role in facilitating global energy decarbonisation.

Fintel selects Chinese manufacturer Windey as turbine supplier for Serbian wind project

The agreement includes the supply of 112 turbines as well as a 10-year service and maintenance agreement.

EnBW gives green light for German offshore wind farm He Dreiht

Germany will get another 960 MW offshore wind farm which will be realized without state subsidies

Antaris small wind turbine installed in Bavaria

The mast was mounted on a 8 m silo.

Renantis and UNITED CAPS sign long-term PPA for Swedish wind power

The 46,8 MW Åliden wind farm, located in Northern Sweden, produces 160 GWh of electricity annually, equivalent to the energy needs of around 32,000 households.

German Kaskasi Offshore Wind Farm commences operation

It's the first time recyclable rotor blades are tested under real-life conditions.

WWEA publishes Annual Report for 2022

Wind power installations 2022 stay below expectations, the World Wind Energy Association says.

Partnership for floating offshore wind farms formed in Italy

GreenIT and Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners have signed an agreement to develop three floating offshore wind projects in Italy.

“Alarm bells should be ringing,” says Cristian Dinca, wind analyst at BloombergNEF, as global commissioning of wind turbines fell 15% to 86GW in 2022. For the first time, a Chinese turbine manufacturer claims the throne of the annual ranking.

A collaboration of three UK Universities and Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy and Ørsted wants to help offshore wind turbines run for longer periods of time - boosting the amount of energy each wind farm generates.

The partnership with Nearthlab augments ONYX’s existing wealth of blade design and testing maintenance expertise, and strengthens their commitment to delivering comprehensive, world-class monitoring beyond the drivetrain.

The energy hub will be located in the Swedish economic zone, about 50 kilometers of the coast of Blekinge. It will comprise of offshore wind turbines as well as installations to convert electricity to hydrogen.

INTOG (Innovation and Targeted Oil & Gas) leasing aims to attract investment in innovative offshore wind projects in Scottish waters, as well as help to decarbonise the North Sea industry.??

EIB grants loan to EnBW for financing German offshore wind farm

He Dreiht with a capacity of 960 MW will provide 1.1 million German households with green electricity

The project, selected by Crown Estate Scotland’s latest seabed leasing process, Malin Sea Wind, is a collaborative bid between ESB and leading technology developers Dublin Offshore Technology and Belfast-based CATAGEN.

U.S. Energy Department gets new supercomputer

“Supercomputers like Kestrel are critical to the energy transition," said Acting Assistant Secretary Alejandro Moreno.

GE Renewable Energy selects Eastgate Engineering to provide mechanical and electrical activities for the pre-assembly of the towers and nacelles for the turbines to be used at Dogger Bank Offshore Wind Farm.

The European energy industry fully supports the EU’s ambition to phase-out of so-called “F-gases”, including sulfur hexafluoride or SF6. But the phase out of SF6 must be done in a gradual and realistic manner.

Mammoet wins two U.S. offshore wind contracts

Mammoet secured two contracts for offshore wind projects in the US, both of which will start construction in 2023.

Finance will play a critical role in supporting the transition to net zero emissions. Subnational governments have an important role to play as they account for over 50% of public investment in the OECD.

Trillions of dollars needed for successful energy transition

“The stakes could not be higher. A profound and systemic transformation of the global energy system must occur in under 30 years," says IRENA.

PNE publishes record-breaking project pipeline

The result of the 2022 fiscal year surpassed expectations, Germany developer PNE said.

Brigg Vind pushes development of port facilities for Norwegian offshore wind projects

Expanding local port capacity is critical to successfully delivering Norway’s offshore wind targets and first rounds of projects.

GE announced today that they were selected by Ecogreen Energy to deliver its FLEXINVERTER Solar Power Station technology for the 130 MWp, 100 MWac Nigde Bor Solar power plant to be built in Nigde, Turkey.

Siemens Gamesa will supply 95 units of its largest offshore wind turbine, SG 14-236 DD, for 1.4 GW East Anglia 3 Offshore Wind Farm. When completed, the wind farm will provide clean energy to 1.3 million UK households.

Does the expansion of wind energy have negative effects on health? A new medical study from Australia comes to the conclusion: the so-called "silent sound" emitted by wind turbines does not harm human health.

WindEurope’s Annual Financing and Investment Trends report finds that Europe invested just €17bn in new wind farms in 2022, the lowest since 2009. Germany invested the most in new wind farms in 2022, followed by Finland and Poland.

Swancor and Ming Yang Smart Energy built recycable rotor blade

On March 24th, Ming Yang Smart Energy completed a recyclable wind turbine blade using SWANCOR's recyclable thermosetting resin EzCiclo in Inner Mongolia, China.

Department-Wide Strategy Will Tap America’s Vast Potential of Offshore Wind Energy to Power Millions of Homes and Businesses, Support Thousands of Jobs, and Ensure the Nation’s Clean Energy Future

Vestas wins its largest onshore order so far

Vestas has signed an agreement with Casa dos Ventos for two wind farms in Brazil with a total capacity of 1.3 GW once fully installed.

The conditional agreement signed in Oslo today, will see Statkraft supply renewable power to support FFI’s operational plans for a 300 megawatt green hydrogen and green ammonia facility.

OWC encourages Polish offshore wind developers to use HVDC transmission systems

Compared to HVAC, HVDC is able to export much larger capacities with fewer cables and has lower transmission losses over long distances.

Vattenfall chooses Havram for Norfolk Offshore Wind Farm works

The agreement covers transport and installation works over a period of 3 years at the project site in the UK.

Vestas wins turbine order in Argentina

The La Elbita project will feature 36 V150-4.5 MW wind turbines which Vestas will supply and install.

Energiequelle GmbH announced as Top Company 2023 on kununu

With a score of 4.0, Energiequelle clearly stands out from the average in the energy sector on kununu

Canada announces 2023 Federal Budget including refundable investment tax credits for renewables industry

CanREA welcomes the announcement which is partly a response to the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act.

RenewableUK not impressed by Government's renewable investment plans

"We need much bolder action to secure Britain’s clean energy future."

The report by RenewableUK warns that the current planning regime is too slow, complex and difficult to navigate for developers to build projects at the scale and speed which is needed.

The Centers of Excellence will catalyze innovative research, educational programming, and stakeholder engagement to address regional and technological challenges within the U.S. offshore wind sector.

Iberdrola and Mercedes Benz sign PPA in Germany

Iberdrola Deutschland has signed a PPA with Mercedes-Benz and will deliver sustainable electricity from its new German offshore wind farm Windanker in the Baltic Sea from 2027.

Turning the North Sea into an energy hub

TenneT awards on- and offshore converter stations and HVDC technology with a total capacity of 22 gigawatts.

Enefit Green acquired the Liivi offshore wind farm project from Eesti Energia and will continue development work to start large-scale renewable electricity production before 2030.